Net spend, club by club
Bars run outward from the centre line: spending to the right, sales income to the left. Disclosed permanent fees only, so undisclosed deals and loan payments sit outside these numbers.
The full ledger
Click a club to open its books. Search a player or club to expand everything that matches, or switch to the cost view to rank every deal by fee.
Who trades with whom
Every club that has dealt with the Premier League this summer, drawn as a network. Line thickness follows the money; drag a node to pull the map about, click one to read its deals. The clusters are the interesting part — feeder clubs and sister clubs show up as hubs.
The shape of the money
Fees for the — distinct deals with a reported figure — each counted once, even when both clubs are in the Premier League. A textbook right-skewed distribution, with a long thin tail of nine-figure outliers.
Distribution of fees
Bar heights are counts.
Five-number summary
Box spans the interquartile range; whiskers reach the furthest fee within 1.5 × IQR; dots beyond are outliers.
Summary statistics
Disclosed permanent fees, in £m.
Squad churn
Players out against players in. Above the line means a club is shedding more than it gathers.
Have a go at the numbers
Four things you can do with a window's worth of fees that a table can't: fit a line through it, resample it, measure how unevenly the money is spread, and see whether you can actually pick the dearer of two players. Everything here recomputes from whatever is in the ledger right now, so it stays right as deals land.
Does selling pay for buying?
One dot per club: fees received across the bottom, fees paid up the side. The dashed diagonal is break-even. The solid line is the least-squares fit.
Bootstrap the typical fee
Draw a fresh sample of the same size from the fees, with replacement, and record the statistic. Do that a few thousand times and the middle 95% of the results is a confidence interval — no formula, no normality assumption.
How lopsided is the spending?
Clubs lined up thriftiest to richest. The curve reads: what share of all the money did the cheapest x% of clubs pay? A perfectly even league would follow the diagonal.
Higher or lower?
Two real deals from this window. Pick the one that cost more. Harder than it looks, which is rather the point about relying on a gut feel for a skewed distribution.